Middle East - Ancient Mesopotamia.

The Middle East in our days they exist many fact.

I want to write for the Αncient Mesopotamia and the role that it had in the history of perfumes.


1.The history of perfume starts in Mesopotamia and Egypt where the earliest traces of perfumery have been found.


2.Tapputi is in the history of chemistry considered to be the world’s first chemist, a perfume-maker mentioned in a cuneiform tablet from the second millennium BC in Mesopotamia. She used flowers, oil, and calamus along with cyperus, myrrh, and balsam. She added water then distilled and filtered several times. This is also the oldest referenced still. She also was an overseer at a palace, and worked with a researcher named Ninu.


3.Abū ‘Alī al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Sīnā Balkhi', known as Abu Ali Sina Balkhi or Ibn Sina and commonly known in English by his Latinized name Avicenna (Greek: Aβιτζιανός, Abitzianos), (c. 980 - 1037) was a Persian polymath and the foremost physician and philosopher of his time. He was also an astronomer, chemist, geologist, logician, paleontologist, mathematician, physicist, poet, psychologist, scientist, and teacher.
One of the most famous exponents of Muslim universalism and an eminent figure in Islamic learning was Ibn Sina.
He was also an astronomer, chemist, geologist, logician, paleontologist, mathematician, physicist, poet, psychologist, scientist, and teacher.

Chemistry
In chemistry, the chemical process of steam distillation was first described by Ibn Sīnā. The technique was used to produce alcohol and essential oils; the latter was fundamental to aromatherapy. He also invented the refrigerated coil, which condenses the aromatic vapours. This was a breakthrough in distillation technology and he made use of it in his steam distillation process, which requires refrigerated tubing, to produce essential oils.

4. The word "Labdanum"
Labdanum: n. Also ladanum. A resinous exudation of certain Old World plant's of the genus Cistus, yielding a fragrant essential oil used in flavoring's and perfume's. [Medieval Latin, from Latin l`~adanum, from Greek ladanon, l`~edanon, from l`~edon, shrub from which labdanum exude's from Semitic, akin to or possibly ultimately from Akkadian ladunu.]


The Akkadian Empire was an empire centered in the city of Akkad (Sumerian: Agade Hittite KUR A.GA.DÈKI "land of Akkad"; Biblical Accad) and its surrounding region (Akkadian URU Akkad KI)in central Mesopotamia (present day Iraq).

Peace for All.